Mole Granite (Torrington district)
New England, New South Wales, Australia
Other hydrothermalSn-W (Cu, Pb, Zn)
- Type
- Tin-tungsten veins, greisens and pegmatites in a granite
Permian granite (236 ± 5 Ma) emplaced 1 to 3 km deep, heavily mineralised within its uppermost hundred metres: hydrothermal pegmatites (Bismuth, Mt Everard, Burnt Hut, Fielders Hill), cassiterite and wolframite veins (Wallaroo, Dutchman's), then late sphalerite-galena (McKinnon's) and adularia (Elliot's) veins. Mineral oxygen records the progressive mixing of magmatic water (about 9 ‰) and very light Permian meteoric water (about -15 ‰), at a near-polar palaeolatitude (Sun and Eadington, 1987). Coordinates of Torrington. Indicative coordinates.
δ18O in ‰ (per mil) Values of the same system
Standard : V-SMOW
| Value | Range | n | Mineral or matrix | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| −6.6 ± 0.6 ‰ | −7.2 / −5.9 ‰ | 4 | vein cassiterite (Wallaroo, Dutchman's) Mean and standard deviation recalculated from 4 samples, Table 3A. Narrow range, a sign of deposition over a restricted mixing interval; calculated fluid of -3.7 to -5.0 ‰ with Δ(cassiterite-water) = -2.2 ‰ at 300 °C. | Sun and Eadington (1987), Oxygen isotope evidence for the mixing of magmatic and meteoric… |
| 0.85 ± 4.4 ‰ | −2.8 / 6.7 ‰ | 4 | cassiterite-stage quartz (Wallaroo, Dutchman's) Mean and standard deviation recalculated from 4 samples, Table 3A. Very wide spread (-2.8 to +6.7 ‰) at roughly constant temperature (about 300 °C): fluctuating fluid composition, from -0.3 to -9.8 ‰. Sample 70202 postdates the cassiterite. | Sun and Eadington (1987), Oxygen isotope evidence for the mixing of magmatic and meteoric… |
| 10.7 ± 0.5 ‰ | 10.2 / 11.3 ‰ | 5 | hydrothermal pegmatite quartz Mean and standard deviation recalculated from 5 samples, Table 2A (Bismuth, Burnt Hut, Mt Everard). Water in equilibrium at 550 °C of 8.3 to 9.4 ‰, i.e. magmatic water. | Sun and Eadington (1987), Oxygen isotope evidence for the mixing of magmatic and meteoric… |
| −4.9 ± 1.4 ‰ | −6.5 / −2.6 ‰ | 6 | late vein quartz (Elliot's, McKinnon's, Dutchman's) Mean and standard deviation recalculated from 6 samples, Table 2B. Late low-salinity veins (2.5 to 5 wt%) formed between 200 and 320 °C; calculated water about -15 ‰ at McKinnon's, dominantly meteoric. | Sun and Eadington (1987), Oxygen isotope evidence for the mixing of magmatic and meteoric… |
| 10.2 ± 0.3 ‰ | 9.8 / 10.4 ‰ | 3 | granite quartz Mean and standard deviation recalculated from 3 samples, Table 1. Quartz, which exchanges little, best preserves the original value: unaltered granite estimated at about 9.0 ‰. | Sun and Eadington (1987), Oxygen isotope evidence for the mixing of magmatic and meteoric… |
| 6.3 ± 2.2 ‰ | 3.8 / 8.2 ‰ | 3 | granite whole rock Mean and standard deviation recalculated from 3 samples, Table 1. Granite slightly altered everywhere (chlorite, sericite): values lowered by exchange with 18O-depleted water; O'Neil et al. (1977) give 7.8 ‰. | Sun and Eadington (1987), Oxygen isotope evidence for the mixing of magmatic and meteoric… |
δD in ‰ (per mil) Values of the same system
Standard : V-SMOW
| Value | Range | n | Mineral or matrix | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| −130 ± 24 ‰ | −147 / −113 ‰ | 2 | granite biotite Mean and standard deviation recalculated from 2 samples, Table 4. Much lighter than the accepted range for magmas (-50 to -85 ‰): late exchange with meteoric water. | Sun and Eadington (1987), Oxygen isotope evidence for the mixing of magmatic and meteoric… |
| −134 ± 14 ‰ | −144 / −124 ‰ | 2 | hydrothermal pegmatite biotite Mean and standard deviation recalculated from 2 samples, Table 4. Values disturbed by post-crystallisation exchange, like those of the granite. | Sun and Eadington (1987), Oxygen isotope evidence for the mixing of magmatic and meteoric… |
Deposits of the same type
- Vegetable Creek (Emmaville) Australia
- Yankee Lodes Australia
- Elsmore Australia
- Tingha Australia
- Renison (Renison Bell) Australia
- Mount Isa (copper orebodies) Australia
- Flat Tyre Australia
- Watson's Lode Australia
Cite this page
IsoFind Atlas (2026). Mole Granite (Torrington district), isotope signatures. https://www.isofind.tech/isotopes/en/deposits/granite-de-mole-district-de-torrington/ (accessed 2026-10-13).
@misc{isofind2026molegranitetorringtondistrict,
title = {Mole Granite (Torrington district), isotope signatures},
author = {{IsoFind Atlas}},
year = {2026},
url = {https://www.isofind.tech/isotopes/en/deposits/granite-de-mole-district-de-torrington/},
note = {Accessed 2026-10-13}
}Updated : 2026-10-13