Pampalo (Hattu schist belt)
North Karelia, Ilomantsi, Hattu schist belt, Finland
Orogenic goldAu
- Type
- Orogenic gold in tuffaceous metavolcanic rocks and felsic porphyries
Archaean schist belt (2.76 to 2.72 Ga) of the Karelian domain, with felsic to intermediate volcano-sedimentary rocks cut by tonalites, granodiorites and felsic porphyries; Au-Bi-Te gold in shear zones, older than the metamorphic peak (500 to 600 °C, 3 to 5 kbar, about 2.70 Ga). Active mine (reserve 0.505 Mt at 2.31 g/t); gold mainly in a tuffaceous intermediate metavolcanic unit cut by felsic porphyries along the Pampalo shear zone, albite-K-feldspar-biotite-sericite-carbonate alteration. Molnár et al. (2016): tourmaline δ11B, sulphide δ34S and chalcopyrite δ65Cu.
δ11B in ‰ (per mil) Values of the same system
Standard : NIST SRM 951
| Value | Range | n | Mineral or matrix | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| −18.4 ± 1.1 ‰ | −21.1 / −16.8 ‰ | 21 | vein and disseminated tourmaline of tuffaceous metavolcanic rocks (type 3) (3_PAMT) Mean and standard deviation recalculated from 21 analyses, -21.1 to -16.8 (-17.7; -18.4; -18.1; -21.1; -18.2; -19.6; -19.5; -19.9; -19.0; -19.1; -17.5; -17.6; -18.3; -16.8; -18.6; -18.5; -17.7; -18.2; -17.0; -19.3; -17.0). 10 core and 11 rim analyses; published mean -18.4 ‰. | Molnár et al. (2016), Boron, sulphur and copper isotope systematics in the orogenic gold … |
| −20.9 ± 0.9 ‰ | −22.4 / −19.3 ‰ | 18 | vein and disseminated tourmaline of tuffaceous metavolcanic rocks (type 3) (4_PAMT) Mean and standard deviation recalculated from 18 analyses, -22.4 to -19.3 (-21.3; -20.9; -22.4; -21.5; -20.2; -20.5; -21.6; -20.0; -22.3; -20.3; -21.1; -21.5; -21.2; -20.1; -20.0; -19.3; -21.7; -20.4). 10 core and 8 rim analyses; published mean -20.9 ‰. | Molnár et al. (2016), Boron, sulphur and copper isotope systematics in the orogenic gold … |
| −16.2 ± 1.2 ‰ | −19.4 / −14.5 ‰ | 19 | vein and disseminated tourmaline of tuffaceous metavolcanic rocks (type 3) (9_PAMT) Mean and standard deviation recalculated from 19 analyses, -19.4 to -14.5 (-14.7; -16.2; -16.8; -16.4; -16.3; -19.4; -17.5; -16.6; -15.1; -15.9; -15.2; -16.6; -15.6; -15.2; -16.0; -18.1; -14.5; -15.4; -15.5). 12 core and 7 rim analyses; published mean -16.2 ‰. | Molnár et al. (2016), Boron, sulphur and copper isotope systematics in the orogenic gold … |
| −17 ± 1.2 ‰ | −19 / −14.8 ‰ | 24 | stockwork tourmaline in an albitized felsic porphyry (type 2) (5_PAMT) Mean and standard deviation recalculated from 24 analyses, -19.0 to -14.8 (-16.0; -15.6; -17.4; -15.8; -16.2; -18.2; -18.4; -15.9; -18.4; -18.0; -16.0; -15.6; -18.1; -18.3; -16.0; -16.9; -16.5; -19.0; -17.7; -17.5; -16.3; -17.6; -14.8; -18.5). 13 core and 11 rim analyses; published mean -17.0 ‰. | Molnár et al. (2016), Boron, sulphur and copper isotope systematics in the orogenic gold … |
δ34S in ‰ (per mil) Values of the same system
Standard : V-CDT
| Value | Range | n | Mineral or matrix | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| −3.6 ± 2.2 ‰ | −9.1 / 5.7 ‰ | 175 | ore pyrite (metavolcanic rocks and porphyries, excluding stockwork 5-PAMT) Mean and standard deviation recalculated from the means of 21 samples (19802 -0.3 (n = 11); P031200 -2.1 (n = 7); P031210 -3.7 (n = 7); P031228A -2.6 (n = 9); P031224 -1.0 (n = 6); P031242 -6.0 (n = 6); P031243 -6.0 (n = 8); P031259 -1.7 (n = 9); P13061228 -2.3 (n = 4); P031231 -4.3 (n = 11); P13061232 -0.8 (n = 5); 18508 -6.2 (n = 9); 19655 -4.9 (n = 15); 19664 -3.7 (n = 6); 19815 -5.3 (n = 11); 19827 -8.0 (n = 9); P031206 -5.0 (n = 5); P031225B -2.8 (n = 10); P031228B -6.8 (n = 13); 9-PAMT -2.0 (n = 9); GPG-1 -1.1 (n = 5)), i.e. 175 spot analyses from -9.1 to +5.7 ‰. Host rock not stated for most samples; 19827 in a tuffaceous metavolcanic rock, 19802 and P13061232 in feldspar porphyries (Table 5). Negative values: sulphides deposited from more oxidizing fluids according to the authors. | Molnár et al. (2016), Boron, sulphur and copper isotope systematics in the orogenic gold … |
| 3.5 ± 1.2 ‰ | 2.4 / 5.3 ‰ | 7 | pyrite of the stockwork in a felsic porphyry (5-PAMT) Published mean and standard deviation of 7 spot analyses (sample 5-PAMT), +2.4 to +5.3 ‰. | Molnár et al. (2016), Boron, sulphur and copper isotope systematics in the orogenic gold … |
| −4.7 ± 0.1 ‰ | −4.8 / −4.6 ‰ | 3 | ore pyrrhotite Published mean and standard deviation of 3 spot analyses (sample P031206), -4.8 to -4.6 ‰. | Molnár et al. (2016), Boron, sulphur and copper isotope systematics in the orogenic gold … |
| −4 ± 2.7 ‰ | −9 / −0.1 ‰ | 50 | ore chalcopyrite Mean and standard deviation recalculated from the means of 6 samples (19802 -0.9 (n = 11); P13061232 -3.1 (n = 3); 19655 -4.9 (n = 11); 19664 -4.4 (n = 7); 19827 -8.6 (n = 7); GPG-1 -1.9 (n = 11)), i.e. 50 spot analyses from -9.0 to -0.1 ‰. For 19664, the published mean (-4.4 ‰) equals the maximum, with a minimum of -5.4 ‰. | Molnár et al. (2016), Boron, sulphur and copper isotope systematics in the orogenic gold … |
δ65Cu in ‰ (per mil) Values of the same system
Standard : NIST SRM 976
| Value | Range | n | Mineral or matrix | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.23 ± 0.53 ‰ | −0.62 / 1.15 ‰ | 17 | chalcopyrite of metavolcanic rocks (KN19827, KN19664, KN19655) Mean and standard deviation recalculated from 17 analyses, -0.62 to +1.15 (+0.13; +0.53; +0.46; +0.42; +1.15; +1.03; +0.37; +0.75; +0.43; +0.44; +0.06; +0.41; -0.35; -0.49; -0.28; -0.62; -0.53). Positive values mostly in felsic intrusive rocks, negative in metasediments; no correlation with δ34S according to the authors. Two groups: KN19655 negative (-0.62 to -0.28 ‰), the others positive; δ34S of the same chalcopyrite from -8.7 to -4.6 ‰. | Molnár et al. (2016), Boron, sulphur and copper isotope systematics in the orogenic gold … |
| 0.18 ± 0.44 ‰ | −0.65 / 1.19 ‰ | 12 | chalcopyrite of feldspar porphyries (KN19802, P13061232) Mean and standard deviation recalculated from 12 analyses, -0.65 to +1.19 (+0.18; +1.19; +0.04; +0.48; +0.38; +0.09; +0.21; +0.34; -0.65; +0.10; +0.02; -0.22). Positive values mostly in felsic intrusive rocks, negative in metasediments; no correlation with δ34S according to the authors. | Molnár et al. (2016), Boron, sulphur and copper isotope systematics in the orogenic gold … |
Deposits of the same type
- Muruntau Uzbekistan
- Kalgoorlie (Golden Mile) Australia
- Victorian Goldfields Australia
- Ashanti (Obuasi) Ghana
- Loulo (district de Gara-Yalea) Mali
- Gounkoto Mali
- Massawa Senegal
- Kirkland Lake (Macassa mine) Canada
Cite this page
IsoFind Atlas (2026). Pampalo (Hattu schist belt), isotope signatures. https://www.isofind.tech/isotopes/en/deposits/pampalo-ceinture-de-hattu/ (accessed 2026-10-19).
@misc{isofind2026pampalohattuschistbeltisotope,
title = {Pampalo (Hattu schist belt), isotope signatures},
author = {{IsoFind Atlas}},
year = {2026},
url = {https://www.isofind.tech/isotopes/en/deposits/pampalo-ceinture-de-hattu/},
note = {Accessed 2026-10-19}
}Updated : 2026-10-19