Angouran
Zanjan Province, north-western Iran (Sanandaj-Sirjan zone), Iran
OtherZn (Pb)
- Type
- Nonsulfide zinc deposit (hypogene then supergene smithsonite) over a sulfide body, in marbles and schists
World-class deposit (about 18 Mt at 28 % Zn, mainly as smithsonite) above a sphalerite sulfide body, in metamorphic marbles and schists. Stage I zinc carbonates, associated with galena, pyrite and arsenopyrite, are hypogene: reduced, CO2-rich, low-temperature fluids linked to the travertine systems of the region; their carbon is heavy and constant (+3.2 to +6.0 ‰). The minor stage II is supergene (smithsonite and cerussite with iron oxides). Takht-e Soleiman (δ13C +4.79 ‰) and Zendan-e Soleiman (+11.31 ‰) travertines cited for comparison. Indicative coordinates.
δ13C in ‰ (per mil) Values of the same system
Standard : V-PDB
| Value | Range | n | Mineral or matrix | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4.93 ± 0.78 ‰ | 3.21 / 6 ‰ | 21 | stage I smithsonite (hypogene) Mean and standard deviation recalculated from 21 samples, Table 5. Published mean 4.9 ± 0.8 ‰ (1σ). | Boni et al. (2007), Hypogene Zn carbonate ores in the Angouran deposit, NW Iran, Minerali… |
| 2.31 ± 2.78 ‰ | −0.78 / 4.62 ‰ | 3 | stage II smithsonite (supergene) Mean and standard deviation recalculated from 3 samples, Table 5. | Boni et al. (2007), Hypogene Zn carbonate ores in the Angouran deposit, NW Iran, Minerali… |
| −3.31 ± 5.57 ‰ | −11.15 / 1.93 ‰ | 4 | stage II cerussite (supergene) Mean and standard deviation recalculated from 4 samples, Table 5. | Boni et al. (2007), Hypogene Zn carbonate ores in the Angouran deposit, NW Iran, Minerali… |
| 3.63 ± 2.09 ‰ | −1.32 / 6.12 ‰ | 20 | hydrothermal calcite (veins, fissures, vugs, travertine-like infills) Mean and standard deviation recalculated from 20 samples, Table 5. C and O anticorrelated: mixing of a travertine-depositing hydrothermal fluid (δ18O about 17 ‰, δ13C about 5 ‰) and cold groundwater. | Boni et al. (2007), Hypogene Zn carbonate ores in the Angouran deposit, NW Iran, Minerali… |
| 2.56 ± 1.37 ‰ | 0.54 / 4.58 ‰ | 13 | host marble (clasts in mineralised breccias and outcrops) Mean and standard deviation recalculated from 13 samples, Table 5. Least altered marbles at about +1.3 ‰ (δ13C) and 26 ‰ (δ18O); footwall marble (AA6, -3.94 and 16.03 ‰) and Qom limestone (AA8) excluded. | Boni et al. (2007), Hypogene Zn carbonate ores in the Angouran deposit, NW Iran, Minerali… |
| 4.34 ± 1.46 ‰ | 3.31 / 5.37 ‰ | 2 | Quaternary mine-camp travertine Mean and standard deviation recalculated from 2 samples, Table 5. Travertine enriched in Zn (440 to 1320 ppm) and Cd, with carbon comparable to stage I smithsonite. | Boni et al. (2007), Hypogene Zn carbonate ores in the Angouran deposit, NW Iran, Minerali… |
δ18O in ‰ (per mil) Values of the same system
Standard : V-SMOW
| Value | Range | n | Mineral or matrix | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 20.97 ± 1.22 ‰ | 18.33 / 23.58 ‰ | 21 | stage I smithsonite (hypogene) Mean and standard deviation recalculated from 21 samples, Table 5. | Boni et al. (2007), Hypogene Zn carbonate ores in the Angouran deposit, NW Iran, Minerali… |
| 24.73 ± 0.34 ‰ | 24.33 / 24.93 ‰ | 3 | stage II smithsonite (supergene) Mean and standard deviation recalculated from 3 samples, Table 5. Heavy and uniform oxygen, typical of supergene carbonates. | Boni et al. (2007), Hypogene Zn carbonate ores in the Angouran deposit, NW Iran, Minerali… |
| 13.97 ± 1.09 ‰ | 12.7 / 15.09 ‰ | 4 | stage II cerussite (supergene) Mean and standard deviation recalculated from 4 samples, Table 5. | Boni et al. (2007), Hypogene Zn carbonate ores in the Angouran deposit, NW Iran, Minerali… |
| 18.46 ± 1.7 ‰ | 15.6 / 21.67 ‰ | 20 | hydrothermal calcite (veins, fissures, vugs, travertine-like infills) Mean and standard deviation recalculated from 20 samples, Table 5. | Boni et al. (2007), Hypogene Zn carbonate ores in the Angouran deposit, NW Iran, Minerali… |
| 22.88 ± 3.23 ‰ | 17.69 / 27.09 ‰ | 13 | host marble (clasts in mineralised breccias and outcrops) Mean and standard deviation recalculated from 13 samples, Table 5. | Boni et al. (2007), Hypogene Zn carbonate ores in the Angouran deposit, NW Iran, Minerali… |
| 20.71 ± 0.89 ‰ | 20.08 / 21.34 ‰ | 2 | Quaternary mine-camp travertine Mean and standard deviation recalculated from 2 samples, Table 5. | Boni et al. (2007), Hypogene Zn carbonate ores in the Angouran deposit, NW Iran, Minerali… |
87Sr/86Sr isotope ratio, no unit Values of the same system
Standard : NIST SRM 987
| Value | Range | n | Mineral or matrix | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.7085 ± 0.00025 | 0.70821 / 0.70865 | 3 | stage I smithsonite (hypogene) Mean and standard deviation recalculated from 3 samples, Table 5. | Boni et al. (2007), Hypogene Zn carbonate ores in the Angouran deposit, NW Iran, Minerali… |
| 0.70859 ± 0.0005 | 0.70824 / 0.70895 | 2 | stage II smithsonite (supergene) Mean and standard deviation recalculated from 2 samples, Table 5. | Boni et al. (2007), Hypogene Zn carbonate ores in the Angouran deposit, NW Iran, Minerali… |
| 0.70851 | 1 | vein calcite with hematite and smithsonite (AT-2A) One analysis, Table 5. | Boni et al. (2007), Hypogene Zn carbonate ores in the Angouran deposit, NW Iran, Minerali… | |
| 0.70812 ± 0.00045 | 0.70746 / 0.70846 | 4 | host marble (clasts in mineralised breccias and outcrops) Mean and standard deviation recalculated from 4 samples, Table 5. | Boni et al. (2007), Hypogene Zn carbonate ores in the Angouran deposit, NW Iran, Minerali… |
| 0.70996 ± 0.00153 | 0.70888 / 0.71104 | 2 | host metamorphic schists (measured ratio) Mean and standard deviation recalculated from 2 samples, Table 7. 87Rb/86Sr of 1.24 and 7.58; two-point isochron at 24.0 ± 0.4 Ma. | Boni et al. (2007), Hypogene Zn carbonate ores in the Angouran deposit, NW Iran, Minerali… |
Deposits of the same type
- Timna Israël
- Dereköy magnetite sands (Sagalassos territory) Turkey
- Sagalassos hematite Turkey
- Bahariya Oasis iron ores (El Gedida mine) Égypte
- Zankan China
- Huoshaoyun China
- Kupferschiefer, Lubin-Sieroszowice district Poland
- Klingenthal-Kraslice Germany
Cite this page
IsoFind Atlas (2026). Angouran, isotope signatures. https://www.isofind.tech/isotopes/en/deposits/angouran/ (accessed 2026-10-13).
@misc{isofind2026angouranisotopesignatures,
title = {Angouran, isotope signatures},
author = {{IsoFind Atlas}},
year = {2026},
url = {https://www.isofind.tech/isotopes/en/deposits/angouran/},
note = {Accessed 2026-10-13}
}Updated : 2026-10-13